What it yields where you are

How much solar produces in Bolzano

In Bolzano a well-oriented system produces 1,354 kWh a year for every kWp installed. A 6 kW system — a home-sized one — makes about 8,124 kWh a year. The figures below come from PVGIS, the European Commission's database.

1,354

kWh a year for every kWp

8,124

kWh a year from a 6 kW system

40°

the best tilt, facing south

01At a glance

A year of sun in Bolzano.

A 6 kW system produces

8,124 kWh

About what 4.1 households use in a year.

The best month

July

889 kWh: 2.7 times the worst month.

Hours of sunshine a year

3,492 h

9.6 hours a day on average. In the leanest month it drops to 6.5.

How cloudy the sky is

56%

Average over the year. The cloudiest month is May, at 67%.

Warmest month's temperature

24.1 °C

In the coldest month the average is 3.3 °C.

How much it changes year to year

from −6% to +10%

Sunlight measured over the last twenty years, against the average.

02System sizes

How much a system produces in Bolzano

The three sizes people actually put on a house, on the best plane.

  • 3 kW

    4,062

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 7

  • 6 kW

    8,124

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 13

  • 10 kW

    13,539

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 22

03Month by month

Month by month in Bolzano

A yearly total doesn't say when the energy arrives, and that's the part that decides whether you need storage.

889
331
average 677 kWh
JFMAMJJASOND

A 6 kW system yields most in July, with 889 kWh, and least in December, with 331: 2.7 times as much. That's why the summer bill goes to zero and the winter one doesn't.

MonthOutput of 6 kWSunshineCloudTemperatureDays above 30°C
January442 kWh225 h51%3.3 °C—
February603 kWh223 h56%5.9 °C—
March793 kWh285 h57%9.1 °C—
April785 kWh319 h57%12.9 °C—
May795 kWh330 h67%16.8 °C—
June834 kWh383 h55%22.0 °C7
July889 kWh408 h50%24.1 °C14
August843 kWh366 h50%23.6 °C14
September758 kWh305 h56%19.1 °C1
October642 kWh250 h60%14.3 °C—
November409 kWh199 h57%7.9 °C—
December331 kWh199 h51%4.3 °C—

Heat costs yield: above 25 °C of cell temperature a panel loses about 0.4% per degree, and in summer the cell runs some twenty degrees above the air. Here there are 37 days above 30 °C a year, nearly all between June and August. That loss is already inside the figures above — don't subtract it twice — but it is why July, which gets the most sun of any month, never yields as much as the extra sun would suggest.

Output: our own calculation on PVGIS irradiation, calibrated against PVGIS city by city and month by month. Sunshine, cloud, temperature and hot days: ten-year averages 2015-2024 from the ERA5 reanalysis, via Open-Meteo. Two different sources, in separate columns on purpose.

04Orientation

And if the roof doesn't face south

Everyone asks this, and the answer in Bolzano is: compared with a south-facing roof you lose about 24% facing east and 22% facing west, at the same tilt. Not trivial, but not the disaster people fear: the system still pays, it just takes a few more modules to reach the same kWh.

  • South-facing, 30°

    1,338 kWh/kWp

    The benchmark

  • East-facing, 30°

    1,023 kWh/kWp

    −24% compared with south

  • West-facing, 30°

    1,041 kWh/kWp

    −22% compared with south

In Bolzano the surrounding terrain matters The figures on this page already account for the terrain around, and in Bolzano it doesn't take the same from every roof: about 4.8% from a south-facing one, and up to 6.4% from one facing east. With a clear horizon and the same sun, a well-oriented system would yield 1,434 kWh a year per kWp instead of the 1,354 it yields here. On your roof the difference depends on what actually stands in front of it, which is what the simulator looks at from satellite.

05The years

And if next year is cloudy?

Fair question: the sun isn't the same every year. Here is how much it actually varied, from 2005 to 2024.

average
20052024

Over twenty years the poorest was 2013: 6% below average. The most generous was 2022: 10% above. Every other year sits in between. That's why a solar estimate uses the average of many years and not the last one — a bad year doesn't change the maths of a system that lasts twenty-five.

Yearly irradiation from 2005 to 2024 according to the ERA5 reanalysis, via Open-Meteo, against its own average. This is a different database from the one behind the output figures above, which comes from PVGIS and stops at 2023 — which is why the two periods don't match.

06For designers

The technical figures

The ones a designer needs. If you don't know them, you don't need them: everything is above.

Yield per installed kW

1,354 kWh/kWp

How many kWh each kW of panels gives in a year, on the best possible roof.

Best tilt

40°

The angle worth using here, facing south.

Sunlight reaching the ground

1,436 kWh/m²

Solar energy landing on one flat square metre in a year.

Where these figures come from. From irradiation measured by PVGIS, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre service, averaged over the nineteen years from 2005 to 2023. The tilted-plane calculation is ours, day by day, and the figures account for the terrain around each city — measured on PVGIS too. What stays out is nearby obstacles: a tree, the building next door, a chimney. For those we need your address.

Other cities

Your roof isn't an average.

These figures are for an ideal roof in Bolzano. The estimate on your address accounts for your roof, the shade and your consumption: two minutes, without leaving your contact details.