What it yields where you are

How much solar produces in L'Aquila

In L'Aquila a well-oriented system produces 1,414 kWh a year for every kWp installed. A 6 kW system — a home-sized one — makes about 8,487 kWh a year. The figures below come from PVGIS, the European Commission's database.

1,414

kWh a year for every kWp

8,487

kWh a year from a 6 kW system

37°

the best tilt, facing south

01At a glance

A year of sun in L'Aquila.

A 6 kW system produces

8,487 kWh

About what 4.2 households use in a year.

The best month

July

945 kWh: 2.0 times the worst month.

Hours of sunshine a year

3,491 h

9.6 hours a day on average. In the leanest month it drops to 6.3.

How cloudy the sky is

55%

Average over the year. The cloudiest month is November, at 71%.

Warmest month's temperature

22.9 °C

In the coldest month the average is 3.3 °C.

How much it changes year to year

from −5% to +6%

Sunlight measured over the last twenty years, against the average.

02System sizes

How much a system produces in L'Aquila

The three sizes people actually put on a house, on the best plane.

  • 3 kW

    4,243

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 7

  • 6 kW

    8,487

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 13

  • 10 kW

    14,145

    Produces each year · kWh

    450 W modules: 22

03Month by month

Month by month in L'Aquila

A yearly total doesn't say when the energy arrives, and that's the part that decides whether you need storage.

945
462
average 707 kWh
JFMAMJJASOND

A 6 kW system yields most in July, with 945 kWh, and least in November, with 462: 2.0 times as much. That's why the summer bill goes to zero and the winter one doesn't.

MonthOutput of 6 kWSunshineCloudTemperatureDays above 30°C
January503 kWh196 h66%3.3 °C—
February576 kWh218 h61%5.1 °C—
March733 kWh271 h64%6.6 °C—
April761 kWh311 h59%10.2 °C—
May811 kWh348 h61%14.2 °C—
June862 kWh388 h43%19.4 °C3
July945 kWh420 h26%22.9 °C12
August913 kWh390 h32%22.4 °C11
September776 kWh310 h53%17.3 °C1
October676 kWh256 h62%13.4 °C—
November462 kWh193 h71%8.8 °C—
December465 kWh190 h62%5.2 °C—

Heat costs yield: above 25 °C of cell temperature a panel loses about 0.4% per degree, and in summer the cell runs some twenty degrees above the air. Here there are 26 days above 30 °C a year, nearly all between June and August. That loss is already inside the figures above — don't subtract it twice — but it is why July, which gets the most sun of any month, never yields as much as the extra sun would suggest.

Output: our own calculation on PVGIS irradiation, calibrated against PVGIS city by city and month by month. Sunshine, cloud, temperature and hot days: ten-year averages 2015-2024 from the ERA5 reanalysis, via Open-Meteo. Two different sources, in separate columns on purpose.

04Orientation

And if the roof doesn't face south

In L'Aquila the two sides are not equivalent, and it's worth knowing beforehand: compared with a south-facing roof you lose about 16% facing east and 22% facing west. The sun's geometry is symmetrical and the sky is not: morning air is clearer than afternoon air, or the other way round, and over a full year the difference shows. On a roof facing the wrong way it costs as much as a smaller system.

  • South-facing, 30°

    1,400 kWh/kWp

    The benchmark

  • East-facing, 30°

    1,179 kWh/kWp

    −16% compared with south

  • West-facing, 30°

    1,092 kWh/kWp

    −22% compared with south

05The years

And if next year is cloudy?

Fair question: the sun isn't the same every year. Here is how much it actually varied, from 2005 to 2024.

average
20052024

Over twenty years the poorest was 2010: 5% below average. The most generous was 2022: 6% above. Every other year sits in between. That's why a solar estimate uses the average of many years and not the last one — a bad year doesn't change the maths of a system that lasts twenty-five.

Yearly irradiation from 2005 to 2024 according to the ERA5 reanalysis, via Open-Meteo, against its own average. This is a different database from the one behind the output figures above, which comes from PVGIS and stops at 2023 — which is why the two periods don't match.

06For designers

The technical figures

The ones a designer needs. If you don't know them, you don't need them: everything is above.

Yield per installed kW

1,414 kWh/kWp

How many kWh each kW of panels gives in a year, on the best possible roof.

Best tilt

37°

The angle worth using here, facing south.

Sunlight reaching the ground

1,528 kWh/m²

Solar energy landing on one flat square metre in a year.

Where these figures come from. From irradiation measured by PVGIS, the European Commission's Joint Research Centre service, averaged over the nineteen years from 2005 to 2023. The tilted-plane calculation is ours, day by day, and the figures account for the terrain around each city — measured on PVGIS too. What stays out is nearby obstacles: a tree, the building next door, a chimney. For those we need your address.

Other cities

Your roof isn't an average.

These figures are for an ideal roof in L'Aquila. The estimate on your address accounts for your roof, the shade and your consumption: two minutes, without leaving your contact details.